Coronavirus irashobora kwandura muburyo bwibitonyanga, umubare muto muribo urashobora kwanduzwa na contact * 13, kandi birashobora no kwanduzwa na fecal-oral * 14, kandi kuri ubu bifatwa nkaho byanduzwa na aerosole.
Gukwirakwiza ibitonyanga mubyukuri ni intera ngufi yoherejwe hamwe na metero nkeya gusa, mugihe aerosole ishobora kugenda kure.
Kurugero, guswera birimo ibitonyanga bigera ku 40.000, muribyo bitonyanga binini ni> micron 60, naho ibitonyanga bito ni microni 10-60.Kubera ko ubushuhe bwibidukikije butagera kuri 100% RH, ibitonyanga bizatangira guhita.Nyuma yigihe, ibitonyanga bizahinduka nuclei * 1 ya microne 0.5-12.
Usibye gukorora, inkorora izabyara nuclei zigera ku 3000, ibyo bikaba bihwanye na nuclei yigitonyanga yakozwe numuntu usanzwe uvuga iminota 5 * 2 Umuvuduko wambere wibitonyanga urekurwa no guswera ni muremure cyane, hafi 100m / s, irashobora rero gukwirakwira kuri metero nyinshi Ibitonyanga biterwa no guhumeka bisanzwe birashobora kandi guhumeka nabantu metero 1 * 4.
Intangiriro ya aerosol nijambo rusange kubintu byiza bikomeye cyangwa byamazi byahagaritswe mukirere.Icyamamare PM2.5 ni aerosol ifite diameter(mubyukuri diameter ya aerodynamic) ya microne itageze kuri 2.5.Ibitonyanga bitwaye virusi nyinshi bimaze gusohoka mumubiri wumuntu, bizagenda bihumeka, bigabanuke mubunini, kandi igice cyacyo kizagwa hasi.Igice cyahagaritswe mu kirere kizakora aerosol itwara virusi.
Nubunini buke, niko bishoboka cyane ko aerosol ishobora gukora urugendo rurerure - kubera ko aerosole ntoya igwa vuba, bazagenda kure hamwe numuyaga uhuha.
Kurugero, aerosol itwaye virusi ifite diameter ya microne 100 izahaguruka mumasegonda 10, aerosol ya microne 20 izahaguruka muminota 4, naho aerosol ya micron 10 izagwa muminota 17.Ariko, aerosole ya micron 1 na ntoya izahagarikwa mukirere hafi "burundu" * 5 (amasaha arenze make, cyangwa iminsi mike).Ibi biranga bituma aerosol itwara virusi ishoboka kwandura igihe kirekire.
Akayunguruzo ko mu kirere gafata virusi ingana na Aerosole?
Muri make: benshi bazakora, icyakora, bamwe bazayungurura neza kandi bamwe bazayungurura bike.Bimwe muyungurura byihuse naho ibindi bishungura buhoro.Kubakoresha bisanzwe, ugomba guhitamo imwe ifite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura neza kandi byihuse.
Icyitonderwa: [High Efficiency] bivuze ko virusi ifite amahirwe menshi yo gufatwa mugihe unyuze mubintu byungurura.[Umuvuduko wo gushungura byihuse] bivuze ko virusi nyinshi zinyura muyungurura mugihe gito, kandi byombi ni ngombwa kimwe.Benshi mubakoresha novice bakunze kubona gusa [gukora neza] no kwirengagiza [umuvuduko wo kuyungurura byihuse], ibyo bizaganisha kuri: nubwo ikintu cyo kuyungurura gishobora gufata hafi 100% ya virusi ya aerosol ya virusi inyuramo, virusi ya aerosol inyura muyungurura nayo bike, aerosole mu kirere igwa gahoro gahoro, biganisha ku ndwara nshya.
(1) NikiAkayunguruzo Ibintu bifite imikorere myiza?
Ukurikije igipimo cy’abanyamerika ASHRAE 52.2, uburyo bwo kuyungurura ibintu byungururwa bikoreshwa muguhumeka byashyizwe muburyo bukurikira (MERV1-MERV16):
Akayunguruzo urwego rusumba MERV16 ni HEPA.Ikintu kimwe cyo kuyungurura gifite uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyungurura kuri aerosole yubunini butandukanye.Ukurikije igishushanyo gikurikira, turashobora kubona ko akayunguruzo gafite imikorere idahwitse ya aerosole ku gipimo cya 0.1 micron kugeza kuri micron 1.Nyamara, MERV16 yungurura ibintu hamwe n amanota yo hejuru ya HEPA Akayunguruzo * 11 gafite ingaruka nziza yo kuyungurura kuriyi ntera ya aerosole, kandi igipimo cyo kuyikuramo gishobora kugera kuri 95% cyangwa hejuru.
Kubwibyo, ntagushidikanya ko abakoresha bagomba guhitamo aAkayunguruzo hejuru ya MERV16 - HEPA muyunguruzi.
Ariko, kuri ubu, Ubushinwa bwogeza ikirere cyo mu kirere ntabwo bugomba gushyira akamenyetso muyunguruzi.Ibintu byujuje ibyangombwa (gushungura hejuru yicyiciro cya MERV16) bifite imvugo ikurikira:
“H13 / H12 / E12 akayunguruzo / gushungura / gushungura ecran / impapuro zungurura”
“99,5% (cyangwa 99,95%) kuyungurura 0.3μm micron ibice / aerosole”
abantu barabaza kandi DO HEPA muyunguruzi irinda COVID
(2) Nikimuyunguruziifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo kuyungurura?
Mubyukuri, ibi ntibisaba gusa imbaraga nke zo gushungura ibintu, ariko kandi bisaba ubwinshi bwumwuka mwinshi wumufana.Umuvuduko wo gushungura byihuse wibintu byungurura bivuze ko virusi irimo virusi iguma mu kirere igihe gito, kandi izahita ifatwa nikintu cyo kuyungurura ako kanya, ikurikiza amategeko akurikira ：
Impuzandengo yigihe cya virusi irimo virusi kugirango igume mu kirere volume icyumba / CADR
Ni ukuvuga, uko CADR nini yogeza ikirere, nigihe gito ugereranije igihe aerosol iguma mu kirere.
Gutanga urugero rworoshye, mubyumba byo kuraramo bya metero kare 15 (metero 2,4 z'uburebure), ukurikije igipimo gisanzwe cyo guhumeka cyicyumba inshuro 0.3 kumasaha, impuzandengo yigihe cya aerosole itwara virusi iguma mukirere ni amasaha 3.3.Ariko, niba isuku yo mu kirere hamwe na CADR = 120m³ / h ifunguye mucyumba, igihe cyo kugereranya nuclei gitonyanga kiguma mu kirere kizagabanuka kugeza ku minota 18 (hashingiwe ko imiryango n'amadirishya bifunze).
Muri make: Kuri virusi ya aerosole, urwego rwo hejuru rwo kuyungurura urwego rwo kuyungurura, niko CADR yohanagura ikirere, ningaruka nziza yo kweza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-23-2022