Nigute ibidukikije bikabije nk'umuriro n'inkubi y'umuyaga bigira ingaruka kubidukikije?

Inkongi y'umuriro, bibaho bisanzwe mumashyamba no mubyatsi, nigice cyingenzi cyumuzenguruko wa karubone kwisi, cyohereza hafi 2GtC (toni miliyari 2 metric / tiliyoni 2 kg za karubone) mukirere buri mwaka.Nyuma yumuriro, ibimera bigaruka kandi birashobora kwinjiza byuzuye cyangwa igice cya karubone yarekuwe mugihe cyo gutwika, bigatera uruziga.

“Ibyuka byangiza imyuka ya karubone ni igice cy'ingenzi mu kuzenguruka isi ku isi, aho imyuka ya karuboni y’umuriro ku isi ihwanye na 20% byangiza imyuka ya karubone.Inkongi y'umuriro mu mashyamba ni ingenzi cyane. ”Umunyeshuri He Kebin, umuyobozi w'ikigo gishinzwe kutabogama kwa Carbone, kaminuza ya Tsinghua, akaba n'umuyobozi w'ikigo cy’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije, ishuri ry’abanyeshuri barangije muri Shenzhen.

Niba inkongi y'umuriro yinjiye mu bidukikije bikungahaye kuri karubone kandi ifite imikorere ikomeye yo kurohama nka peatland n'amashyamba, ntabwo itanga mu buryo butaziguye imyuka myinshi yangiza imyuka ya karubone, ahubwo inateza impanuka kamere zikomeye nk'umuriro w'ubutaka, gutema amashyamba no kwangirika kw'amashyamba. , bigatuma bigora kwinjiza byimazeyo karubone yarekuwe nuburyo bwo gutwika inkongi y'umuriro, ndetse bikabangamira gukira no kongera kubaka urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima ndetse no kugabanya ubushobozi bwa karuboni bw’ibinyabuzima byo ku isi.Inkongi y'umuriro ikabije ntabwo yangiza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima n'ibinyabuzima gusa, ahubwo irekura byinshiumwanda wangizaimyuka ihumanya ikirere mu kirere, bizagira ingaruka mbi ku kirere ku isi no ku buzima bwa muntu.

Mugihe cyibikorwa nkumuriro, kuruka kwikirunga hamwe ninkubi y'umukungugu, umwotsi hamwe na / cyangwa ibindi byanduye byanduye biva hanze birashobora kwinjira mubidukikije kandi bikongera urugero rwibintu byo murugo.Ingano ninshuro zumuriro wiyongereye mumyaka yashize, bituma abaturage benshi banywa itabi n ivu nibindi bicuruzwa byaka.Byongeye kandi, iyo inkongi y'umuriro yaka mu baturage,imiti iva mu nyubako, ibikoresho, nibindi bikoresho byose munzira birekurwa mukirere.

Ibirunga biturika nta nteguza, birekura ivu n’indi myuka yangiza bigatuma guhumeka bigorana.Umuyaga mwinshi wo hejuru hamwe ningirabuzimafatizo zinkuba zirashobora gutera inkubi y'umuyaga, ishobora kugaragara muri Amerika yose ariko ikaba ikunze kugaragara mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Amerika.

Ni iki gishobora gukorwa?

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Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, Californiya yibasiwe n’umuriro ukabije mu cyi, wiganjemo inkongi y'umuriro ikomeje gukwirakwira.Ariko inkongi y'umuriro yarushijeho gusenya mu myaka yashize.Ishami rya Kaliforuniya rishinzwe amashyamba no kurinda umuriro rivuga ko 12 muri 20 mu nkongi z’umuriro mu mateka ya leta zabaye mu myaka itanu ishize, zitwika 4% by’ubuso bwa Californiya, bingana na leta yose ya Connecticut.

Mu 2021, inkongi y'umuriro ya Kaliforuniya yarekuye toni miliyoni 161 za dioxyde de carbone, bihwanye na 40 ku ijana by'ibarura rusange ry’igihugu cya 2020.Nka imwe muri leta yibasiwe cyane n’umuriro, Californiya iza ku isonga ku ihumana ry’ikirere.Dukurikije imibare, imijyi itanu yo muri Amerika ifite umwanda w’ibintu byinshi mu 2021 yose iri muri Californiya.

Haba kubwabo, cyangwa kubuzima bwigihe kizaza cyabana, ikibazo cyumwanda uterwa nikirere gikabije kirihutirwa.

Gahunda yo guhumeka ubuzima, yatangijwe na OMS, Ibidukikije by’umuryango w’abibumbye hamwe n’ikirere cy’ikirere n’ikirere kugira ngo igabanye umwanda w’ikirere kigufi, ni umuryango mpuzamahanga ku rwego rwo kurushaho gusobanukirwa n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ikirere ku buzima bwacu no ku isi, no kubaka umuyoboro y'abenegihugu, abayobozi b'imijyi n'abayobozi b'igihugu n'inzobere mu buzima kugira ngo batere impinduka mu baturage.Kunoza umwuka duhumeka.

Guhumanya ikirere bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.Impamvu nyamukuru y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ni ugutwika ibicanwa biva mu kirere, ari nacyo gitera umwanda mwinshi.Inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe imihindagurikire y’ikirere yihanangirije ko amashanyarazi akoreshwa n’amakara agomba kurangira mu 2050 niba dushaka kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’isi kuri 1.5oC.Bitabaye ibyo, dushobora guhura n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’ikirere mu myaka 20 gusa.

Kuzuza intego z’amasezerano y'i Paris bivuze ko mu 2050, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni bashobora kurokorwa ku isi buri mwaka mu kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere ryonyine.Inyungu z’ubuzima zo guhangana n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere ni ingirakamaro: mu bihugu 15 bisohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ingaruka z’ubuzima bw’imyuka y’ikirere ziteganijwe kuba hejuru ya 4% by’ibicuruzwa byabo byinjira mu gihugu.