Kuva mu gihe cyizuba, indwara zabana bato mycoplasma pneumonia yibasiwe cyane, abana benshi barwaye igihe kirekire, ababyeyi bahangayitse, ntibazi kubyitwaramo.Ikibazo cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge bivura mycoplasma nacyo cyatumye iyi ntera yandura iba intandaro yo kwitabwaho.Reka turebe umusonga wa mycoplasma.
1. Ni iki kibiteraumusonga mycoplasma?Yanduye?Bite?
Indwara ya Mycoplasma ni umusemburo ukabije w'ibihaha uterwa n'indwara ya mycoplasma pneumoniae.Mycoplasma ni mikorobe ntoya ishobora kubaho yigenga hagati ya virusi na bagiteri, kandi ni indwara ikomeye yandurira mu myanya y'ubuhumekero ku bana, ariko mubyukuri, ntabwo ari mikorobe mishya itera indwara, buri mwaka, umwaka wose, buri 3 kugeza 5 imyaka irashobora kuba icyorezo gito, kandi igipimo cyanduye kizikuba inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 5 kurenza uko byari bisanzwe mugihe cyicyorezo.Muri uyu mwaka, isi yose yanduye mycoplasma iragenda yiyongera, kandi ifite ibiranga imyaka y'ubuto, kandi biroroshye kuvuka mu mashuri y'incuke no mu mashuri, bityo rero abana ni amatsinda y'ingenzi arinda umusonga wa mycoplasma.Umusemburo wa Mycoplasma ni indwara yandura yonyine kandi ikanduza, yandura binyuze mu guhura cyane n'amasohoro yo mu kanwa no mu mazuru cyangwa binyuze mu bitonyanga byo mu kirere biva mu kanwa no mu mazuru.Indwara ubusanzwe ikura nyuma yibyumweru 2 kugeza kuri 3.Nyuma y'icyorezo,abantu bake bambara masike, gushiraho uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza mycoplasma.
2. Ninde ushobora kwandura mycoplasma umusonga?Ni ikihe gihe cyanduye cyane mycoplasma umusonga?Ni ibihe bimenyetso?
Abantu bafite hagati yimyaka 4 na 20 birashoboka cyane ko barwara umusonga wa mycoplasma, ariko umwana muto ni umwana wamezi 1.Umubare w'imanza utangira kwiyongera mu cyi no mu mpinga mu mpeshyi cyangwa mu itumba.Abana barwaye mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia yanduye mumyaka itandukanye ntabwo ari bamwe, benshiibimenyetso bisanzwe ni umuriro, inkorora.Kubera ko ibimenyetso by ibihaha byabana bato bitagaragara, akenshi ntibitabwaho, kandi ababyeyi barashobora gukoresha antibiyotike bashingiye kuburambe bwo gutera imiti idakora neza, nk'imiti ya penisiline, amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavulanate potassium, piperacillin, nibindi, kuko penisiline. nta ngaruka zo kuvura kuri mycoplasma, byoroshye gutinza indwara.Ibimenyetso bya mbere byabana bato ni inkorora hamwe nudusabo, biherekejwe no kuzunguruka, kuzunguruka mu bihaha, kandi ubushyuhe bwumubiri buri hagati ya 38.1 na 39 ° C, ni umuriro mwinshi.Urukuta rwa bronchial rwabana ntirworoshye, umuvuduko wo guhumeka utuma lumen igabanuka, ururenda ntirworoshye gusohora, kandi biroroshye kugaragara atelectasis na emphysema, iyo bihujwe no kwandura bagiteri, kandi bishobora gutera empyema.Ku bana bakuze, ikimenyetso cya mbere ni inkorora iherekejwe n'umuriro cyangwa nyuma y'iminsi 2 kugeza kuri 3, cyane cyane ibibyimba cyangwa guhora bikara inkorora yumye.Umubare muto wabana bafite uburwayi bwihuse, ibibazo byo guhumeka nibindi bimenyetso bikomeye, bagomba kwitabwaho cyane.Kandi kimwe cya kane cyabana bafite ibisebe, meningite, myocarditis nibindi bigaragara hanze.
3. Ukekwaho umusonga wa mycoplasma kujya mu bitaro ni irihe shami?
Abana bari munsi yimyaka 14 kugirango babone ubuvuzi bwabana, barengeje imyaka 14 barashobora kujya mubisata byubuhumekero no kuvura, ibimenyetso bikomeye birashobora kwandikwa mubiro byihutirwa.Nyuma yo kugisha inama kwa muganga no kwisuzumisha, ashobora gukenera kujya mu ishami ry’amashusho na laboratoire y’amavuriro kugira ngo akore ibizamini bifasha.Jya muri laboratoire kugirango usuzume antibody ya serumu mycoplasma (antibody ya IgM), gahunda yamaraso, hypertensitive C-reaction proteine (hs-CRP).Antibodiyumu ya serumu kuri mycoplasma, niba irenze 1:64, cyangwa kwiyongera inshuro 4 muri titer mugihe cyo gukira, irashobora gukoreshwa nkibisobanuro byo gusuzuma;Ibisubizo by'amaraso byibanda ku mubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yera (WBC), muri rusange bisanzwe, birashobora kwiyongera gato, ndetse na bimwe bizaba bike, ibi bitandukanye no kwandura bagiteri, kwandura bagiteri selile yera iziyongera muri rusange;CRP izazamurwa mu musonga wa mycoplasma, kandi niba irenze 40mg / L, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kumenya umusemburo wa mycoplasma udakira.Ibindi bizamini birashobora kandi gusuzuma imisemburo ya myocardial, imikorere yumwijima nimpyiko, cyangwa kumenya antigen mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen mu myanya y'ubuhumekero kugirango isuzume hakiri kare kandi vuba.Ukurikije ibikenewe, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, igituza X-ray, igituza CT, ultrasound ya sisitemu yinkari nibindi bizamini bidasanzwe.
4. Kuvura umusonga wa mycoplasma mu bana
Nyuma yo gusuzuma umusonga wa mycoplasma, ni ngombwa gukurikiza inama za muganga zo kuvura imiti igabanya ubukana, ihitamo rya mbere ni macrolide, ni imiti izwi cyane ya erythromycine, ishobora kugenzura umusaruro wa poroteyine mycoplasma kandi ikabuza kubaho kwa gutwika.Kugeza ubu, azithromycine ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubuvuzi, ishobora kwinjira cyane cyane aho yaka umuriro, ikirinda amakosa ya erythromycine, kandi ikora neza kandi ifite umutekano kuruta erythromycine.Witondere gufata antibiyotike mumazi ashyushye;Ntugafate amata, enzyme y amata nibindi byateguwe na bagiteri;Ntunywe umutobe mu masaha 2 nyuma yo gufata antibiotike, kurya imbuto, kuko umutobe wimbuto urimo aside yimbuto, kwihutisha iseswa rya antibiotike, bigira ingaruka kumikorere;Irinde kandi vinegere n'ibiyobyabwenge n'ibiribwa birimo inzoga, nk'amazi ya Huoxiang Zhengqi, vino y'umuceri, n'ibindi.
Kuvura ibimenyetso nko kugabanya umuriro, kugabanya inkorora no kugabanya flegm birashobora gutangwa mbere yo gusuzuma neza.Niba antibody ya mycoplasma ari nziza, azithromycine igomba gutangwa ku gipimo cya 10mg kuri kilo yuburemere bwumubiri kugirango irinde kwandura.Mugihe gikomeye, hasabwa kwinjiza imitsi ya azithromycine.Irashobora kandi kuvurwa hamwe nubuvuzi gakondo bwabashinwa, ariko kubera kwangirika kwinshi kw ibihaha byumusonga wa mycoplasma, indwara zikomeye zishobora guhuzwa no kwinezeza kwiza, atelectasis, umusonga wa nekrotique, nibindi. Kugeza ubu, ubuvuzi bwiburengerazuba burasabwa nkubuvuzi nyamukuru .
Nyuma yo kuvurwa, abana barwaye umusemburo wa mycoplasma ntibagifite umuriro n inkorora, kandi ibimenyetso byubuhumekero bicika burundu muminsi irenga 3, ntibisabwa gukomeza gufata imiti ya antibacterial kugirango wirinde guhangana.
5. Indyo y'abana barwaye umusonga mycoplasma ikeneye kwitondera iki?
Mugihe cya mycoplasma pneumonia, abarwayi bafite ibiryo byinshi byumubiri, ubuforomo bwimirire nibyingenzi.Indyo yubumenyi kandi yumvikana ifasha cyane mugukiza indwara, igomba gushimangira imirire, hamwe na karori nyinshi, ikungahaye kuri vitamine, byoroshye gusya ibiryo byamazi nibiryo byamazi yuzuye, birashobora kurya neza imboga mbisi, imbuto, indyo yuzuye proteine kandi fasha kongera ubudahangarwa bwibiryo.Ku bana barwaye umusonga wa mycoplasma, ababyeyi bagomba kuzamura umutwe wumwana mugihe bagaburira kugirango birinde kuniga no guhumeka.Niba umwana urwaye umusemburo wa mycoplasma afite indyo yuzuye cyangwa adashobora kurya, ibyokurya byababyeyi birashobora kugenwa na muganga.
Tugomba kurushaho kwita ku mirire y'abana barwaye umusonga wa mycoplasma, twita ku mirire, kandi ntitukarye ibiryo bidashobora kuribwa, kugira ngo bitongera ubukana bw'indwara.Abana barwaye akenshi ntibafite ubushake bwo kurya, ababyeyi bakunze kwangiza ubwoko bwose, ariko ibiryo bimwe na bimwe birakenewe kugirango wirinde.
6. Nigute ushobora kurinda ubuzima bwubuhumekero bwabana no kwirinda umusonga wa mycoplasma?
(1) Kongera ubudahangarwa:
Abana bafite ubudahangarwa buke barashobora kwibasirwa n'umusonga wa mycoplasma, bityo rero ni ngombwa cyane kunoza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.Komeza imyitozo, kurya imboga n'imbuto, kuzuza poroteyine nziza, ni inzira zose zo kunoza ubudahangarwa bwabo;Muri icyo gihe, kugirango wirinde kugabanuka k'ubudahangarwa bwabo, guhindura ibihe cyangwa imihindagurikire y’ikirere iyo ugiye hanze, kongeramo imyenda mugihe cyo kwirinda ubukonje n'imbeho;
(2) Witondere indyo yuzuye:
Kugirango ugumane ingeso nziza zo kurya, kurya imboga n'imbuto nyinshi nibindi biribwa byiza, ntukarye ibirungo birimo ibirungo, amavuta, ibiryo bibisi n'imbeho, indyo yuzuye, indyo isanzwe.Urashobora kurya ibiryo byintungamubiri byinshi, nka Sydney na radis yera, kugabanya inkorora;
(3) Komeza kubaho neza no kwiga:
Kora no kuruhuka buri gihe, guhuza akazi nikiruhuko, kuruhuka umwuka, kwemeza ibitotsi bihagije.Ikirere cyizuba nimbeho cyumye, umukungugu uri mukirere ni mwinshi, kandi mucosa yizuru ryumuntu biroroshye kwangirika.Kunywa amazi menshi kugirango ururenda rwa mucosa rugire neza, rushobora kurwanya neza virusi, kandi rugafasha gusohora uburozi mu mubiri no kweza ibidukikije imbere;
(4) Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikwiye:
Imyitozo ngororangingo ifasha sisitemu yubuhumekero kugira ubuzima bwiza, kongera metabolisme, no kongera indwara.Imyitozo ya aerobic nko kugenda byihuse, kwiruka, gusimbuka umugozi, aerobika, gukina basketball, koga, hamwe nubuhanzi bwintambara birashobora kongera imikorere yibihaha, kuzamura ubushobozi bwa ogisijeni, no kongera imbaraga za metabolike ya sisitemu yubuhumekero.Nyuma y'imyitozo ngororamubiri, witondere gukama ibyuya mugihe kugirango ushushe;Imyitozo ikwiye yo hanze, ariko ntabwo ari imyitozo ikomeye.
(5) Kurinda neza:
Urebye ko mycoplasma yandura cyane cyane ibitonyanga, niba hari abarwayi bafite umuriro n inkorora, kwanduza no kwigunga bigomba gufatwa mugihe.Gerageza kutajya ahantu hahurira abantu benshi;Niba nta bihe bidasanzwe, gerageza kwambara mask kugirango ugabanye amahirwe yo kwandura;
(6) Witondere isuku yawe:
Isuku nziza yumuntu nisuku yibidukikije, koza intoki kenshi, koga kenshi, uhindure imyenda kenshi, kandi imyenda yumye kenshi.Karaba intoki zawe n'amazi meza n'isabune ako kanya nyuma yo gukoresha umusarani mbere yo kurya, nyuma yo gusohoka, nyuma yo gukorora, kwitsamura, na nyuma yo koza izuru kugirango ugabanye ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri na virusi.Ntukore ku maso nko mu kanwa, izuru n'amaso ukoresheje amaboko yanduye kugirango ugabanye amahirwe yo kwandura.Iyo gukorora cyangwa kwitsamura ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, koresha igitambaro cyangwa impapuro kugirango utwikire umunwa nizuru kugirango ugabanye spray;Ntugacire amacandwe ahantu hose kugirango wirinde mikorobe kwanduza ikirere no kwanduza izindi;
(7) Komeza ubwiza bwimbere mu nzu:
Witondere guhumeka ibyumba kugirango ugabanye gutera indwara.Igihe cyizuba cyumye kandi cyuzuye ivumbi, kandi mikorobe zitandukanye zitera indwara na allergène zirashobora guhuzwa nuduce twumukungugu hanyuma tukinjira mumyuka duhumeka.Ugomba gufungura imiryango na Windows, guhumeka, buri gihe cyo guhumeka muminota 15 kugeza 30, komeza umwuka wikirere.Urashobora buri gihe gukoresha vinegere ya fumigasiyo, urumuri ultraviolet nizindi zanduza ikirere cyo murugo, kwanduza ultraviolet bigomba kuba bishoboka cyane kugirango uhitemo kwanduza mu nzu, niba umuntu ari mubyumba, witondere kurinda amaso.Imyanda ihumanya ikirere nk'umukungugu, umwotsi n'imiti irashobora kwangiza sisitemu y'ubuhumekero, ntibigume ahantu hahumanye igihe kirekire.Ingamba nko guhora usukura ibidukikije murugo, kubungabunga umwuka, gukoresha ibyuma bisukura ikirere cyangwa ibihingwa byo murugo birashobora kugabanya ibintu byangiza mumyuka yo murugo;
(8) Irinde umwotsi w'itabi:
Kunywa itabi byangiza imikorere yibihaha kandi byongera ibyago byindwara zubuhumekero.Kurinda abana umwotsi w’itabi birashobora kuzamura ubuzima bwabo bwubuhumekero.
(9) Urukingo:
Urukingo rw'ibicurane, urukingo rw'umusonga n'izindi nkingo bigomba guterwa hakurikijwe imiterere yabo kugira ngo birinde indwara z’ubuhumekero ku rugero runini.
Muri make, kuzamura ubudahangarwa bwawe nurufunguzo.Kuri mycoplasma pneumonia, tugomba kubyitaho rwose kandi ntitugomba kugira ubwoba bwinshi.Nubwo ikunzwe, ibyangiritse ni bike, benshi barashobora kwikiza, kandi hariho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-03-2023