Maui, Hawayi, Amerika, yahise yibasirwa n'umuriro ku ya 8.Umujyi w'amateka wa Lahaina uri ku nyanja mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bw'intara ya Maui “wahindutse ivu ijoro ryose”.Nibura abantu 93 bapfuye kugeza ubu, biteganijwe ko umubare w’abahohotewe uzakomeza kwiyongera.Wari inkongi y'umuriro mubi muri Amerika mu binyejana birenga ijana.
Impuguke z’Amerika: Agace k’umuriro i Maui, muri Hawayi karimo aiterabwoba ryinshi ryibiza
Raporo yakozwe na CBS ku ya 12, impuguke mu bijyanye n’ibidukikije z’Abanyamerika zavuze ko inkongi y’umuriro i Maui, muri Hawayi ishobora guhungabanya ibidukikije n’ubuzima bw’abaturage bo mu gace kibasiwe.Ikibazo nyamukuru cyahuye nacyo.
Umwotsi n'ivu byarekuwe igihe inkwi, plastiki, imyanda iteje akaga n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi byatwitswe bishobora kuba birimo imiti ibihumbi n'ibihumbi, nk'uko byatangajwe na Andrew Whelton, umwarimu w’ishami ry’ubwubatsi, ibidukikije n’ibidukikije muri kaminuza ya Purdue muri Amerika.Iyi myotsi hamwe nu mukungugu bishobora kwanduza ubutaka n’amasoko y’amazi, kandi icyarimwe bigahumeka abantu, bikaba byangiza ubuzima bwabaturage.
Byongeye kandi, inyubako zisa nkizifite umutekano zishobora kuba zirimo umwanda wangiza ubuzima bwabantu.Bamweimyuka ihumanyan'uduce duto dushobora kwinjira mu nyubako zinyuze mu nzugi, inzugi, amadirishya, n'andi yinjira, kandi zifatira ku rukuta no hejuru cyangwa kwinjira mu bitambaro.Impuguke zavuze kandi ko hari izindi ngaruka mu duce dutuyemo nyuma y’umuriro, nko gushyiramo gaze gasanzwe yangiritse, insinga z’amashanyarazi n’imiyoboro ya gaze ishobora kumena amashanyarazi, umwanda cyangwa imyanda.
Ku ya 11, Guverinoma y’Intara ya Maui yatanze umuburo w’umutekano w’amazi kuri Lahaina no mu tundi turere twibasiwe n’umuriro.Guverinoma y’intara yavuze ko kubera ko hashobora kurekurwa imyuka y’ubumara n’umukungugu biturutse ku gutwika umuriro, byongereye umutekano w’amazi yo kunywa.Kubera iyo mpamvu, guverinoma yihanangirije abaturage gukoresha amazi y’amacupa gusa mu kunywa no guteka no kwirinda amazi ya robine yatetse.Abashinzwe ubuzima muri leta ya Hawaii baragira inama abaturagekwambara ibikoresho birinda, nka masike, uturindantoki n'amakanzu, iyo ureba ibisigazwa.
Bamwe mu bahanga mu bidukikije bavuze ko mu gihe cyo kurwanya inkongi z’umuriro no gukuraho imyanda, umwanda ushobora kwinjira mu ruzi n’amazi atemba hanyuma amaherezo akinjira mu nyanja.Lahaina kuva kera ni ahantu nyaburanga hazwi cyane kuri Maui kubona inyenzi, korali n’ubundi buzima bwo mu nyanja zibangamiwe n’umwanda uva ku muriro ugurumana ndetse n’ibikorwa byo kuzimya umuriro.Inzobere mu bidukikije zavuze ko hamwe n’iterambere ry’imirimo yo kurwanya inkongi z’umuriro n’isuku, uburyo bwo kujugunya neza amatongo n’ibintu byangiza no kwirinda ko byangiza abaturage ndetse n’ibidukikije bizaba ikibazo nyamukuru kibangamiye akarere k’ibiza.
Ibihumbi n’umuriro ukomeje gutwikwa muri Kanada, abarenga kimwe cya kabiri ntibagenzurwa
Ku nshuro ya 12 y’ibanze, amakuru aheruka gutangwa n’ikigo cya Kanada gishinzwe kuzimya amashyamba muri Kanada yerekanye ko kugeza ubu, hakiri umuriro w’amashyamba urenga igihumbi muri Kanada, kandi abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cyabo ntibagenzurwa.
Nk’uko amakuru aturuka ku rubuga rwemewe rw’iki kigo abitangaza, muri Kanada muri uyu mwaka habaye inkongi z’amashyamba zirenga 5.600, zikaba zifite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 131.000, zikomeza guca amateka.Muri byo, umubare w’umuriro ukomeje gutwikwa ni 1115, muri yo 719 ukaba utaracungwa.Umwotsi mwinshi wakwirakwiriye i New York n'ahandi, utwikira umujyi mu gihu cy'umuhondo, kandi miliyoni z'Abanyakanada n'Abanyamerika bahatiwe kuguma mu ngo.
Umwotsi uva mu muriroirimo imyuka myinshi yubumara nibintu byangiza.Umwotsi urimo imyuka ya VOC yangiza na PM2.5 nibindi bice byangiza, bizangiza ubuzima bwabantu nyuma yo guhumeka.Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa cyane cyane kumenya uburyo wakwirinda wowe n'umuryango wawe guhumeka neza mugihe inkongi y'umuriro yibasiye.Uburyo butatu bukurikira burakwiriye benshi muri twe.
- Guma murugo, funga imiryango n'amadirishya
Ntushaka guhumeka imyotsi y'ubumara?Inzira yoroshye nukuguma inyuma yumuryango ufunze no kugabanya umwanya umara hanze.Birumvikana, mugihe "gusubira inyuma", ugomba no gufunga imiryango n'amadirishya.Ibi ntabwo ari ukwirinda abajura gusa, bigabanya kandi umwotsi winjira murugo rwawe.
Ubu buryo buroroshye, bworoshye gukora, kandi ingaruka nazo ni nziza cyane.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko umwuka wo mu nzu urimo imyanda ihumanya 40% ugereranije no hanze!
- Wambare mask mbere yo gusohoka
Mu turere twinshi twuzuyemo umwotsi w’umuriro, ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima bw’ubuhumekero ni PM2.5 (ibintu byiza) byazanywe numwotsi.
Ariko ntabwo bigoye guhangana nabo.Masike irashobora gushungura neza PM2.5 mukirere.
N95 masike nimwe mumasike meza yo gushungura ibice byiza.Iyo muyungurura uduce turenze microni 0.3 mukirere, igipimo cyayo cyo gufata kiri hejuru ya 95%.
Ariko, ukuza kw'icyorezo gishya cy'ikamba byatumye itangwa rya masike ridacika intege.Rimwe na rimwe, ntabwo abantu bose bashobora kugura masike ya N95 yabigize umwuga.Ariko ntugahangayike, ingaruka za mask yubuvuzi mugushungura PM2.5 nuduce twiza cyane.Mask isanzwe yubuvuzi irashobora gushungura 63% bya PM2.5!Twagerageje kandi ubushobozi bwa masike atandukanye yo gushungura ibice byanduye, kandi ibisubizo byikizamini ntabwo byari bibi.Kwambara mask yo gusohoka nibyiza rwose kuruta guhura numwuka wuzuye umwanda!
- fungura kuriikirere
Kuzimya ikirere gishobora kugabanya ubwinshi bwimyuka ihumanya hamwe na gaze zangiza, bikwemeza ko ushobora guhumeka umwuka mwiza kandi usukuye.Niba ushaka kweza PM2.5 ibice byumwotsi wumuriro, HEPA muyungurura ikirere ni byiza cyane.
Inzugi n'amadirishya akomeye birashobora guhagarika gusa 50% bya PM2.5, kubera ko utwo duce ari duto cyane kandi dushobora kwinjira mucyumba unyuze mu cyuho cy'imiryango n'amadirishya.
Ariko ibyogajuru birashobora gukemura ibyo kunyerera kuri net.Mugihe cyimbaraga zikwiye, HEPA muyungurura ikirere gishobora gushungura 99% bya PM2.5!Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo icyuma cyangiza ikirere, usibye gusuzuma imikorere yikiguzi, ugomba no guhitamo icyuma gifite imbaraga zikwiranye nubunini bwicyumba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-14-2023