Abantu bose bamenyereye uduce twangiza ikirere nka umwotsi na PM2.5.N'ubundi kandi, twababajwe n'imyaka myinshi.Nyamara, ibice nka umwotsi na PM2.5 byahoraga bifatwa nkisoko yonyine yo guhumanya ikirere hanze.Umuntu wese afite imyumvire mibi isanzwe kuri bo, atekereza ko mugihe ugiye murugo ugafunga amadirishya, ushobora gutandukanya umwanda.Nkuko buriwese abizi, kwanduza ikirere murugo ni umwicanyi nyawe utagaragara.
Guhumanya ikirere cyo mu nzu nicyo dukunze guhura nacyo kandi gifite igihe kirekire cyo guhura.Nyuma yo kugera kurwego runaka mukirere, bizagira ingaruka mbi kumubiri ndetse binatera indwara.Icy'ingenzi cyane, ihumana ry’imbere mu ngo riterwa n’umwanda uturuka mu ngo ndetse n’umwanda winjira mu cyumba uturutse hanze.
Iyo ikirere cyo hanze AQI igipimo cyo hasi, hanze ntigifite ingaruka nke kumwuka wimbere murugo, kandi gufungura amadirishya yo guhumeka bifasha kugabanya umwanda wimbere.Ariko, mugihe indangagaciro ya AQI yumuyaga wo hanze ari mwinshi kandi umwanda ukaba ukomeye, nkikirere cyumwotsi, umwanda wo murugo uzaba wikubye kabiri.
Amasoko akunze kwanduzwa mu ngo ni umwanda urekurwa hamwe n imyitwarire yo gutwika nko kunywa itabi no guteka.Ubwinshi ni bwinshi kandi inshuro zo kurekura ni nyinshi, kandi uduce duto twiza kandi twamamajwe nudido two mu nzu hamwe na sofa, bikaviramo umwanda wigihe kirekire nuburyo bwo kurekura buhoro.Nka gatatuumwotsi.
Icya kabiri, ibikoresho byo hasi, ibikoresho bishya cyangwa ibikoresho bitujuje ubuziranenge, hamwe nibintu bihindagurika nk'ifuro yo mu nzu hamwe na plastiki bizahindura imyanda yangiza, nka formaldehyde!Ubu bwoko bw'impumuro mbi burashobora kandi gutuma abantu bagira amakenga, ariko imyuka ihumanya kandi idafite impumuro nziza nka toluene biroroshye gufata byoroshye.
Muri Nyakanga 2022, Komisiyo y’ubuzima y’igihugu yashyize ahagaragara ku mugaragaro ibipimo ngenderwaho byasabwe “Ubuziranenge bw’ikirere bwo mu nzu” (GB / T 18883-2022) (bivuze ko ari “Standard”), icyiciro cya mbere cyasabwe kuvugururwa mu gihugu cyanjye mu myaka 20 ishize. imyaka.
"Standard" yongeyeho ibipimo bitatu byerekana ibintu byiza byo mu kirere (PM2.5), trichlorethylene na tetrachlorethylene, kandi ihindura imipaka y'ibipimo bitanu (dioxyde de azote, formaldehyde, benzene, bagiteri zose, radon).Kuri PM2.5 nshya yongeyeho, agaciro gasanzwe kangana namasaha 24 ntikarenga 50µg / m³, naho kubintu bihumeka bihumeka (PM10), agaciro gasanzwe kumasaha 24 ntikarenga 100µg / m³ .
Kugeza ubu, kuzamura ubwiza bw’ikirere mu nzu byibanda cyane cyane ku kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho umwanda uhumanya.Intego zo gukuraho ibintu byinshi byangiza ikirere byerekana mbere na mbere kwanduza umwanda.Kubera ko imiryango myinshi n’amasosiyete amenyereye uruhare rw’isukura ikirere, abantu benshi kandi benshi bafite ubushake bwo kugura ibyuma bisukura ikirere kugira ngo barinde ubuzima bw’imiryango yabo n’abakozi.
Muri icyo gihe, amajwi amwe atavuga rumwe nayo yarakurikiye.Abantu bamwe batekereza ko ibyogajuru byangiza ikirere ari "umusoro wa IQ" mushya, igitekerezo cyavuzwe kandi cyamamajwe, kandi kidashobora rwose guteza imbere no kurengera ubuzima bwacu.
None se ibyogajuru byo mu kirere mubyukuri "imisoro ya IQ" gusa?
Ishuri ry’ubuzima rusange bwa kaminuza ya Fudan n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zita ku bidukikije rya Shanghai ryasesenguye ingaruka z’isukura ikirere ku buzima bivuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe bwashyizwe ahagaragara ku byangiza ikirere n’ubuzima bw’abaturage.
Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka z’ubuzima bw’imyuka yo mu ngo cyangwa uburyo bwo guhumeka neza bw’ubuzima bwiza ku buzima bw’abaturage ahanini bukoresha uburyo bwo gukora “ubushakashatsi bwakozwe”, ni ukuvuga kugereranya abaturage mbere na nyuma yo gukoresha ibyuma bisukura ikirere, cyangwa kugereranya ikoreshwa Isuku yo mu kirere "nyayo" (hamwe no kuyungurura Guhindura ihindagurika ryubwiza bwikirere hamwe nubuzima bugaragaza ingaruka zubuzima bwabaturage hagati yikintu cyoguhumanya ikirere "hamwe na module yakuweho) kwibanda ku baturage byahinduwe no gutabarwa hamwe n’uburebure bw’ubutabazi.Ubushakashatsi bwinshi buriho ni ibikorwa by’igihe gito, kandi ingaruka z’ubuzima zirimo ahanini zibanda muri sisitemu y’ubuhumekero n’ingaruka z’ubuzima bw’umutima n’imitsi, ari na byo bibazo byombi by’ubuzima; ibyo byibasiwe cyane n’umwanda w’ikirere kandi bifite uburwayi buremereye.Tugenzure hamwe ibi bintu byombi.
Imbere mu kirere Ibikorwa byubuzima hamwe nubuzima bwubuhumekero
Guhura n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere byongera ibyago byindwara ziterwa nubuhumekero.Ibinyuranye na byo, gukoresha ibikoresho byoza ikirere kugirango ugabanye umwanda wo mu ngo birashobora kugaragara kugirango tunonosore ibimenyetso byerekana umuriro hamwe nibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe byerekana imikorere y'ibihaha.FeNO (umwuka wa nitric uhumeka) ni kimwe mu bipimo byerekana urwego rwo gutwika mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hepfo.
Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko iyo hibandwa ku barwayi bafite indwara z’ubuhumekero zihari, kwivanga kw’imbere mu ngo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’ubuhumekero.Ku barwayi barwaye rinite ya allergique, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko bitewe no gutabara kwangiza ikirere, ibimenyetso bya rhinite ku barwayi bafite allergie y’intanga byateye imbere cyane.
Ibisubizo bijyanye n’ubushakashatsi muri Koreya yepfo birerekana kandi ko gukoresha HEPA (High Efficiency Air Filtration Module) isukura ikirere bigabanya cyane gukenera imiti ku barwayi bafite rinite ya allergique.
Ku barwayi ba asima, indwara ya asima itangiye hakiri kare cyane ku barwayi bakoresha ibyuma bisukura ikirere;icyarimwe, ibyuma bisukura ikirere nabyo byabujije gutinda kwa asima.
Byagaragaye kandi ko mu gihe cyo gukoresha ikirere, inshuro zo gukoresha imiti ku bana barwaye asima zaragabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, kandi iminsi iminsi asima idafite ibimenyetso byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara.
Imbere mu kirere ibikorwa byubuzima hamwe nubuzima bwumutima
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko guhura n’ibidukikije PM2.5 bishobora kongera cyane indwara z’umutima n’impfu, hiyongereyeho ibimenyetso by’indwara z'umutima.Rimwe na rimwe, guhura nigihe gito gusa bishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye cyane, nkinjyana yumutima yica.Kutubahiriza amategeko, infirasiyo ya myocardial, kunanirwa k'umutima, gufatwa k'umutima gitunguranye, n'ibindi.
Binyuze mu kwifashisha ubwiza bw’ikirere bwo mu nzu, nko gukoresha ibyuma bisukura ikirere cya HEPA, binyuze mu byiciro byinshi, ibyuka bihumanya bifatirwa ku kindi, kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka zo kweza umwuka.Gukoresha ibyuma bisukura ikirere cya HEPA birashobora kweza 81.7% byibintu byo mu kirere mugihe utetse mu ngo, bikagabanya cyane kwibumbira mubintu byo mu nzu.
Ibisubizo byo gutabara mugihe gito cyo gutunganya ikirere cyo mu nzu byerekana ko kwifashisha igihe gito cyo kweza ikirere bishobora kugirira akamaro ubuzima bwumutima.Nubwo ingaruka zikomeye zo kugabanya umuvuduko wamaraso mugihe gito zitagaragara, zifite inyungu zigaragara mugutunganya imikorere yumutima yumutima (variability variable).Byongeye kandi, ifite kandi ingaruka zigaragara zo kugabanuka no kunoza ibintu byerekana ibimenyetso byibinyabuzima mumaraso ya peripheri yumuntu, coagulation ya sisitemu yumutima nimiyoboro yimitsi, ibintu byangiza okiside nibindi bipimo, kandi bifite ingaruka zigaragara mugihe gito.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na PM2.5 bwari bufite umuvuduko mwinshi wamaraso hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana amaraso ya periferique, hamwe no gutumiza ikirere byatumye igabanuka ryinshi ryimbere muri PM2.5.
Mu bigeragezo bimwe na bimwe bimaze igihe kirekire byinjira mu kirere, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekanye ko gukoresha igihe kirekire ibyuma bisukura ikirere kugira ngo bitabare bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso w’ibintu kandi bikagira uruhare mu kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso.
Muri rusange, hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwatangajwe, ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe bwifashishije uburyo bwo kwiga bwateganijwe bwa kabiri-buhumye (kwambuka), ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ibimenyetso biri hejuru, kandi aho ubushakashatsi bukorerwa ni inyubako rusange zirimo amazu, amashuri, ibitaro na rubanda. Ahantu Tegereza.Inyinshi mu nyigo zakoreshaga ibikoresho byogeza ikirere mu nzu nk'uburyo bwo gutabara (haba mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga), ndetse bamwe bakoresheje ingamba zo gutabara aho uburyo bwo mu kirere bwiza bwo mu nzu n'ibikoresho byo kweza byafunguriwe icyarimwe.Isuku yo mu kirere yabigizemo uruhare ni ugukuraho ibintu neza no kweza (HEPA).Muri icyo gihe, ifite kandi ubushakashatsi no gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ikirere cya ion, karubone ikora, gukusanya ivumbi rya electrostatike nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga.Igihe cyubushakashatsi ku buzima bwabaturage kiratandukanye.Niba kugenzura ubwiza bwikirere bwo murugo byoroshye, igihe cyo gutabarana kiba hagati yicyumweru 1 kugeza kumwaka 1.Niba gukurikirana ireme ryibidukikije ningaruka zubuzima bikorwa icyarimwe, mubisanzwe ni ubushakashatsi bwigihe gito hamwe nini.Benshi bari mu byumweru 4.
Mugihe kuzamura ikirere cyimbere mu nzu, kweza ikirere murugo birashobora kandi guteza imbere kwibanda, gukora neza kwishuri, hamwe nubusinzira bwabanyeshuri cyangwa abantu.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gufata neza ikirere bwo mu ngo burashobora kugabanya neza umwanda uhumanya ikirere, bityo bikarinda ubuzima bwacu.Cyane cyane iyo umwanya murugo ugenda urushaho kuba mwinshi, ibyuma bisukura ikirere birashobora guherekeza kugabanya ihumana ry’imbere mu ngo, kweza umwuka wo mu nzu, no kurinda ubuzima bw’umubiri.
Gukoresha ibyogajuru bizahinduka bumwe muburyo bwiza bwo gukumira indwara no kunoza imikorere yumutima nibihaha, aho kuba abantu bamwe bita "pseudoscience" na "umusoro wa IQ".Birumvikana, nyuma yo gutunganya ikirere yakoreshejwe mugihe runaka,muyunguruzibigomba gusimburwa buri gihe, gukora isuku no kubitunganya bigomba gukorwa, kandi hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango hatabaho kubaho ibicuruzwa bitifuzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-25-2022